This book presents an overview of a wide ranging scientific, engineering, policy, regulatory, and legal issues facing the nuclear power industry. Editor Victor Nian and his team of contributors deliver a much needed review of the latest developments in safety, security and safeguards (“Three S’s”), benefits and impacts of radiation to human society, international conventions, treaties, emergency preparedness and response, and civil liability in the event of a nuclear accident as well as other related and important subject matters within and beyond the nuclear power industry. This book is particularly insightful to countries with an interest in developing a nuclear power industry as well as countries where education to improve society’s opinion on nuclear energy is crucial to its future success.
This study aims to push the boundary beyond electrifying coastal vessels and ferries towards a potential future of fully electrifying the maritime sector. As a very first step, this study makes the case for offshore floating charging solutions as a means of extending the range of ocean-going vessels assuming today's costs of marinised battery energy storage, high power charging, and floating power sources (solar, wind and nuclear). The goal is to establish reference techno-economic indicators for such solutions to be considered a commercially viable option to replace conventional bunker fuels. This is part of our ongoing effort under the Maritime Decarbonisation Special Track in examining future sustainable energy options for the maritime sector
Nuclear and renewable energy share a common regional goal of fossil fuel phase-out. In addition, nuclear energy provides assurance over fuel price volatility, security of supply, and energy independence. The key is for ASEAN Member States to develop national and regional policies supporting renewable and nuclear co-development. This study provides reference indicators for ASEAN to embark cost-competitive zero-emission pathways. The study further provides strategic considerations when scaling up nuclear energy through small modular reactors and policy options, such as vendor-neutral approach, financing considerations, regulatory harmonisation, and domestic capability development.
Electrification was thought to be a relevant measure for maritime decarbonisation. However, electric vessels will be limited by battery energy density and hence range just like land-based electric vehicles. What if we could combine offshore energy resources, such as floating nuclear power plants, and offshore wind and solar, with marinised energy storage systems, and floating fast charging technologies? Would that help achieve electrification for ocean going vessels? In answering that question, we also provides reference performance indicators for future technology development.
The emerging economies in Southeast Asia are facing challenges in achieving decarbonisation and energy resilience. Small modular reactors (SMRs) could represent a strategic option but are yet to be properly understood and communicated at the policy level, especially in terms of the favourable implications for energy security and economic and technical benefits, as well as inherent risks and mitigation strategies. With the flourishing designs and start-up companies driving potentially new business models for future nuclear power projects, we present a series of actionable recommendations for utilities and policymakers in Southeast Asia, together with an analysis on the importance of including SMRs as an option in the future energy mix.
This is the first independent study using specific small modular reactors, namely, KLT-40S and HTR-PM to evaluate the business case of flexible load following operation through power-to-gas and battery energy storage integration options.
Offshore renewable energy resources were generally believed to be unfavourable in Southeast Asia. This study provides an initial assessment on offshore wind energy and establish key performance indicators for the industry to ensure project viability and to further technology innovation.
This is the first independent assessment on the necessity, opportunities and challenges of small modular reactor developments in Southeast Asia. It was first-of-its-kind study published from a research centre in Singapore.
This study provides an analysis of the future potentials of global nuclear energy market with focus on emerging markets. This is another first-of-its-kind study published from a research centre in Singapore.
This study provides an analysis of the future potentials of global nuclear energy market with focus on emerging markets. This is another first-of-its-kind study published from a research centre in Singapore.
What are the plausible options that can help ASEAN make the energy transition? Is it nuclear, renewable, and/or other options?
This study lays the foundation on a new energy systems modelling tool built upon life cycle analysis. Nuclear energy is used as an example to demonstrate the advantages of such a modelling tool.
This study provides a rationale on the use of SMRs and their relevance to ASEAN. We will consider what is meant by “safe design”, why SMRs have a better possibility than the traditional large plant of achieving it, and what the suggested “critical success factors” are.
This study provides an independent review in a holistic approach on the various factors influencing decision making on nuclear power. In the context of ASEAN, nuclear power remains an important option and should be taken up rapidly if decarbonizing electricity generation is a grave concern. This study also provides recommendations towards “safer nuclear” for ASEAN.
This study presents an enhancement to the energy modelling tool developed based on the life cycle analysis method proposed by Dr Victor Nian.
This book chapter presents the knowledge of Dr Victor Nian from his experience with MARKAL and TIMES modelling tool. More specifically, this book chapter explains how data input and initial processing should be carried out for a typical energy modelling too.
This is part of the serial independent nuclear energy studies led by Dr Victor Nian. This study provides a preliminary competitive landscape for the advanced reactor systems and outlined policy considerations for ASEAN when advanced nuclear power reactors become commercially available. Essentially, this paper seeks to address an important question: what are the key steps in preparing the region towards “safer nuclear” in the long term.
What happens to the environmental footprint of renewables or any other energy options when design parameters, supply chain, and other factors change. Can the change impact analysis method developed earlier on help provide quantification of such changes? If so, how would such a modelling approach help provide reference values of environmental impacts of future energy options?
This is an important enhancement to the life cycle analysis method developed by Dr Victor Nian. He introduced a concept called "partial temporal boundary" to synchronise interconnected systems each with their own unique life cycle which ensure a consistent and robust modelling of real-world energy systems. The key advantage of this approach is to uncover the true environmental impacts of energy options and lay the foundation for integrating with a techno-economic assessment method in subsequent developments.
Are biomass truly carbon neutral or are we making ourselves believing it is? The newly proposed "partial temporal boundary" is thoroughly tested in this study. The conclusion is firm: woody biomass is NOT carbon neutral.
Nuclear power plant has become safer after major accidents occurred in history, namely the Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima. As of today, the Generation II reactors remain the most technologically proven and commercially available technology. While the deployment of Generation III/III+ reactors has begun, the nuclear industry pushes forward onto the research and development of the Generation IV reactors. At the same time, nuclear fusion has also received increasing attention worldwide. This study provides an overview of the global developments in nuclear energy from the perspectives of technology and policy.
The deployment of low carbon electricity generation technology is driven by the twin objectives of addressing energy security and climate change. Despite the significant reduction in the cost of renewable technology, especially solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind, fossil fueled electricity generation technology remains more cost competitive especially under the low gas price. In the context of Singapore, there are two layers of cost disparity between the fossil and low carbon technologies to be addressed, namely overnight capital cost and electricity generation cost. In this study, we attempt to alleviate the gaps in the overnight capital cost and electricity generation cost by means of financial assistance from policy measures. This paper presents our preliminary findings from this study.
This study proposed a metamodel-based Bayesian method to help improve data input to building energy simulation models to significantly improve the accuracy of such models. This is the first step towards integrating such a machine learning algorithm to cost-benefit analysis methods in subsequent development.
Singapore is probably the country with the highest private car prices and total cost of ownership. There is minimum incentive for green vehicles in the city state. However, we have discovered a business model, similar but yet fundamentally different from the car-sharing scheme that can help accelerate EV adoptions even without policy support. The caveat is that charging infrastructure will not be restricted by regulation and can be installed by private vehicle owners.
The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal protocol calls for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), possibly with natural refrigerant options. This study is carried out based on a supermarket refrigerant replacement project in China from a R22 system to a R134A-R744 system.
This is the first time, based on records from Web of Science, that a team led by Dr Victor Nian established a novel life cycle analysis techno-economic assessment (LCA-TEA) framework as the basis of anew energy modelling tool to examine future technology pathways.
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